Programming The BBS02 & BBSHD Without Frying Your Controller And Losing Your Sanity

/ March 17, 2015

For information on the programming parameters and what they do you should check out The Hackers Guide to Programming the BBS02 located here.

UPDATE: The BBSHD is programmed in the exact same way with the same software as the BBS02. Just make sure you set the Limited Current (Amps) to 30 not 25 which is the most the BBS02 can handle.

I’ve watched this thread on Endless-Sphere and spent a few hours building several of my own cables (as shown here) using different USB\Serial adapters bought on ebay and BBS02 extension display cables from EM3EV. If you want to remain sane and not waste a lot of your life beating your head against the wall I would recommend you just buy this cable for $25 from Matt at EMPowered Cycles or this cable for $20 from Lunacycle.com. It is by far the cheapest programming cable have seen for sale purchased directly from Bafang, they seem to work flawlessly with Windows 7/8/8.1. It is plug and play not ‘plug and pray’ like your cheap crappy homemade cables will be.

Looks Ghetto and is oh-so-short but it works every time.

Looks pretty Ghetto and is oh-so-short but it works every time with Windows OS and only $20-25, What a deal! Hey, it’s not the size that matters… (that’s what my wife keeps telling me)

An important note, programming your controller will immediately void any warranty from Bafang. Don’t expect to make ANY changes to your programming and expect ANY dealer to refund or replace your blown controller, EVER. It’s just not fair to them.

Manufacturers of ebike motors walk a delicate line between making their drive motors configurable (even at risk to bad variables being entered) and completely locking down the system. Bosch has chosen to go the latter route and does not allow anyone other than Magura in the US to change anything on the units other than tiny changes like increasing or decreasing the wheel size slightly to account for different sized tires on the same sized rim. Bosch will never get a dime of my money, you can find out why halfway down this post.

BBS01 Controller1-500x500

There are 2 schools of thought on programming the BBS02. One school is represented by Paul (cellman) from em3ev who believes that you should make only minor changes to the software such as

  • Allow higher powered throttle at any PAS level
  • Allow throttle at PAS level 0 so you don’t have to disconnect the PAS entirely to use throttle only
  • Low voltage cutoff
  • Amps to the unit

Quotes from Paul about the much contested PAS system

“The PAS level should be used to set the pedal cadence. Just because it’s set to 9, does not mean it will pull more power (although it likely will of course), but if you pedal fast enough and hard enough to do much of the work, the kit will not provide much power. PAS works like a switch on the BBS02. It does not adjust as you pedal faster or slower. When you set the PAS level it fixes the speed and it does not want to rotate at a speed much lower than that, or even accelerate smoothly to that speed.”

The other school of thought held by many members of Endless-Sphere is that you should be able to change most any feature or variable you want to although we are literally wandering around in the dark since it’s not even clear what many of the variables even do. It is quite common for people to set the Limit Speed % on every PAS level to 100%. This seems to be a good way to destroy your controller and really drives Paul crazy. There is no programming manual and while Bafang does not prevent you from programming the unit, they certainly don’t seem to be encouraging it either. It seems clear that they never intended for the end users to be programming their own controllers, only ebike ‘dealers’.

void

Many people dislike the way the PAS system works, as the PAS level is basically a switch to set the pedal cadence and assists MORE the LESS you pedal and assists LESS the MORE you pedal. This seems to be counter intuitive to many who want the unit to offer more power the more you pedal. This means if you want the drive unit to provide more power on a hill you actually have to shift UP not DOWN to select a higher speed and a lower pedal cadence (or lower the PAS system to select a lower cadence as well as a lower power setting). This is not only counter intuitive, but also risks controller overheating as the biggest problem that I’ve found with the BBS02 is that they tend to overheat and fry mosfets when the pedaling cadence is too slow and the hill is too steep. The best way to keep your controller from overheating is to fit the right size chainwheel on it for the hills you plan to climb and consider upgrading the crappy mosfets the controller comes with.

Wow I really can't help myself can I. Neat little leds that show power and send/receive covered up by that pesky heat shrink tubing.

Wow I really can’t help myself, can I? Neat little leds that show power and send/receive covered up by that pesky heat shrink tubing.

I follow Paul’s school of thought, mostly because I buy from him and I trust his judgement. He has spent thousands of dollars replacing customers who reprogrammed their controllers, then fried them and expected free replacements. I just don’t karmically want to be one of those people.

To program the unit you’ll have to plug-in the USB cable (but don’t hook it up to the bike yet) and wait a few minutes. Then browse to the device manager in CONTROL PANEL->SYSTEM->DEVICE MANAGER and look for the com port under PORTS (COM & LPT) as shown below. If you can’t find it just flail around awhile, it will magically appear or maybe you’ll just end up destroying your computer.

Look at those mad brush skillz, this guy must be a full time artist!

Once you figure out the com port you will need to download this file, then rename it to .zip and then extract it somewhere convenient. If renaming it isn’t working right it might be because your windows OS is hiding the file extension. To turn that off go to control panel -> folder options -> View and turn off ‘hide file extensions for known types’. You’re looking for the file controllerst.exe . Make a shortcut to your desktop, that will make it easy to find when you need it. Load that program and then TYPE in the com port that you discovered in the device manager. For this example it would be COM4.

UPDATE: A Bulgarian hacker living in Norway named Penoff used the source code and completely rewrote the Bafang programming software. All the settings are the same but the software that Penoff has written fixes a lot of the annoying bugs (like the com ports not showing up properly) and works the way the original Bafang software SHOULD have worked. I’ve tested it pretty extensively and emailed back and forth with Penoff who seems to be a stand up guy. If you want to download his application you can do it through his website here. You won’t be disappointed.

Looks like a drop down box right? But its not. Youll have to type in your com port you discovered above

Looks like a drop down box right? But it is not. You will have to type in your com port you discovered in the device manager.

The controller Info should fill in under the com port but the settings on the left won’t come up till you hit the READ button (not the READ FLASH button).

Now hook up the bike and the battery to the BBS02. Plug the USB wire into the green display port adapter, make sure your arrows line up, the connector is keyed.

Once you hit the READ button the setting for your controller should fill in the current page, You must click read on each of the three seperate pages to load the settings for that page (BASIC \ PEDAL ASSIST \ THROTTLE HANDLE)

There is a lot of different settings you can mess with as shown in the thread on ES about programming the controller. Here are the settings that my most recent BBS02 come from Paul pre-programmed with. To save the settings you must also click WRITE on each page as you change the settings, it won’t write the settings for the page you are not on.

em3ev settings. I change the wheel diameter to 18 so that the kph reads as mph, change anything other than the Low Battery Protect and Limited Current at your own risk.

Em3ev settings. I change the wheel diameter to 18 so that the kph reads as mph, change anything other than the Low Battery Protect and Limited Current at your own risk.

em3ev settings

em3ev settings

Em3ev settings. You can ignore the speed limited command here as in the previous page it is set by display's command. I set the throttle power to display command so that I can set different throttle power levels by setting a higher PAS level. If you want max power on the thumb throttle just set the Designated Assist to 9.

Em3ev settings. You can ignore the speed limited command here as the throttle ignores it anyway. I set the “Designated Assist” throttle power to display command so that I can set different throttle power levels by setting a higher PAS level with the PAS disabled. If you want max power on the thumb throttle just set the Designated Assist to 9.

I have lots of hours on these controllers with no failures, so these are the settings I would use. The only settings I would change are the Low Battery Protect (v) which is useful if you are using a pack without BMS and limit current which will limit the current to the controller in Amps. You should match the limit current to the Continuous Amps rating on your BMS. Be aware that often times Chinese battery companies tend to exaggerate their continuous Amps ratings, so when in doubt, use a lower number and slowly work your way up.

For anyone who cares here is a more technical description of the battle going on inside the controller by someone who is a lot smarter than I am on ES (probably better looking too).

Without phase current limiting there is no way to guarantee a motor will not overheat. You rely on the operator keeping the motor at a reasonably high rpm or minimising voltage applied to the motor at low motor speeds. The best a seller can do to avoid overheating is to keep the Limitspd% low so that little current is applied at low cadences but for an operator who avoids low cadence for more than a few seconds this is bad because the motor will provide no power at normal cycling cadences. An operator that keeps pedaling cadence in normal ranges, above about 60 rpm, with the BBS01 will never overheat the motor but an operator that lets motor speed drop below this risks overheating the motor with a wide range of controller settings. This would go away with phase current limiting but the BS0X doesn’t have that feature. The seller suffers potential warranty claims if the Limitspd% is set high but the operator suffers poor performance if the Limitspd% is set low. The current to the motor is also affected by “Keep Current(%)” and Current Decay (1-8)”.

Basically it means if you are climbing a hill you need to have a high cadence level if you want more power and your controller to not fry. I suggest using the thumb throttle on hills (not just the PAS) and shift into a low enough gear that is either too fast (or almost too fast) to keep up with pedaling. As long as the motor is spinning pretty fast the controller should never burn out regardless of how steep the hill is. If you can’t set the gearing on a hill so that you are pedalling fast to keep up then you need to install a smaller chainring for that bike (and lose a little of your top speed).

10-11-11-freaky

Here is another trick to bypass the speed limiting on the BBS02 from the thread on ES

For effective unlimited speed, change your wheel size to make mp/h show as km/h.
I.e. if you have a 26 inch wheel, set it as 16 inch wheel in the display (i.e. 26/1.61 = 16 – 1.61 is also roughly the same ratio as km to miles, as in 26km is 16miles). After making this change, then 25km/h on the display will in actual fact be 25mph in reality. No BBS unit is capable of 50mph, so it’s effectively now unlimited (or more accurately, speed limited by max current).

For most fatbike tires you would want to set the tire diameter to 18 (the 26″ tire is closer to 29″ because of all that extra rubber. 29/1.61 = 18)

A lot of variables like tire size and the number of PAS levels that are displayed can also be programmed through the display without the use of a programming cable. To set these parameters you need to look at the user manual for the particular display you have. These can be found here.

Thanks to everyone who spent countless precious hours of their life trying to figure out how to do this and leaving behind a heart-breaking 37 page thread. Our knowledge is built on your blood, sweat, and tears … and your piles of dead controllers.

Ride On.

Update: Had some intermittent problems with the cable after a bunch of uses and re-soldered the connections and the problems went away. Matt seemed happy enough to send me another one but I like fixing (and breaking) stuff. I also soldered the ground connector on the other side of the USB connector that was not soldered to reinforce the circuit board. I also built a 9 pin serial cable out of an old BBS02 display extension cable and a serial extension cable I had laying around. A bunch of BBS02’s I bought from BMS battery were set to 18 amps even though I specifically requested 25 amps. I only recommend buying Chinese motors from Paul at em3ev, everyone else in that country is just impossible to deal with.

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72 thoughts on “Programming The BBS02 & BBSHD Without Frying Your Controller And Losing Your Sanity”

  1. Great write up – I’ve been browsing that thread, but it’s a behemoth, and finding the right info is challenging. I was wondering if there was a succinct summary anywhere! I have a BBS02 on the way, and was wondering if you had any info on the following:

    (1) Allowing a throttle-only mode with no PAS assist at level 0. I’ve read that you need to set the Assist0 Limit Current to 1%. Does that sound right?
    (2) What does Limit Spd(%) refer to? Percentage of what?
    (3) Is it possible to remove speed limit while still keeping km/h (i.e. without spoofing the wheel size)?

    Liked by 1 person

    Reply

    • 1) I believe so, I haven’t tried it.
      2) Limit speed refers to the the speed that the motor will spin. 100% means it will spin as fast as it can, 50% means it will spin at 1/2 the top speed etc.
      3) Not that I know of but Paul at em3ev is the one to ask.

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  2. Oh hi you seem to be something of a rare breed: a bbs02 expert! …so maybe you can help with our two problems: there seems to be an issue flashing – I changed a few parameters and did the write and then the flash etc, but the controller retained original perameters – any clues? and question 2 is what parameters would you change to drop a bbs02(500w) down to 250w, or equivalent? If it is of any help, I have used these motors in our bikes (umazooma.com) since they came on the market and love them – we do a small mod on the controller housing where we open it up and seal with silicon to stop water getting in, and/or getting sucked in as the motor cools off. The water can even travel along the wires where they enter the potting. cheers and this was a great read – many thanks ollie

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    • Not an expert, just someone who likes break stuff.
      1) Did you click Write Flash or Write. You need to click Write on every page you change.
      2) You don’t want to do this. It’s like chopping the balls off the unit. 250 watts is like 5 amps at 50v, not enough to do much of anything. If you really have to try it set the Limited Current (amps) to 5. You won’t be happy with the results though.
      The unit is designed to get water some inside and still work. The holes are to keep the water that condenses from the air from temp differentials from accumulating. I would not plug them.

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      Reply

      • Hi Karl, I’m in a similar situation as Ollie. I recently bought a BBS02 750W but figured later that the legal limit where I live is 250W. Returning the kit is working out too expensive so I’m considering dropping the specs. These are the legal specifics:
        The maximum continuous power output of the PAB must not exceed 250 watts
        The motor power of the PAB can only cut in when the rider starts to pedal
        The motor power of the PAB must be progressively reduced and finally cut off as the bicycle reaches 25km/h, or sooner, if the cyclist stops pedalling.
        PAB must not have start-up assistance or throttle

        I reckon I could work through all of the above except for the 250 watts bit which needs reconfiguring. Is there something I need to reconfigure to maintain maximum speed at 25km/h too?

        Thanks for all help you’ve provided on this site.

        Cheers,

        Carl

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      • Just leave it at 750W. I won’t tell.

        If you want to castrate the BBS02 then just use the programming cable and bump it back to 15 amps. You can also set speed limits there.

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  9. Hi karl

    First off all excuse iff my question is estupid o very repetitive but I will be gratfull indeed iff you clarify me iff its really possible to change the variable power assistance /cadence. Probably is a stupid question but after reading lots off words about a bafang, is something that I have not understood….( Sorry if I look like an idiot)

    I think that is the first think I have to reprogramm. My all mountain bike has two rings instaled in my bafang ( 32 and 40)and a cassette 11/36, but there are not so much suitable iff I dont achieve that when my cadence increases the bafang continues pulling…

    I, will be really very gratefull if you clarify me once and for all iff its posible

    regards from Spain

    Vicente

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  23. S.O.S. ITALY
    Tis is what happenede today.
    BBSHD with 52v battery and a c965 – 30t mighty
    First test on plain land, very good. Then, I went to the uphill. I used the left thumb throttle and, surprise, it blocked with the engine going to 100% even if the throttle was down. Then the battery started going down and exhausted very quickly. Finally the c965 stopped working and is gone. Some bad smoke smell too. Please help me. Thanks. Fabio

    Like

    Reply

    • What smoked the battery or the drive unit? You will need to talk to whomever you bought the drive unit or battery from. They should be able to help you. I often switch things around to find the bad part (swap out the battery, controller, etc).

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  24. Few additional details .
    The battery is 52v, 15Ah, cells 25R, asembled 14S 6P.
    The battery did not go down. This was the c965 was showing before definitively going out of order. The smell seemed to come fron the c965.

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  26. Hi! Just saw you mentioned my rewrite of the programming tool. I’m glad you like it. One small correction. I am living in Norway, but I am not from Norway. I am from Bulgaria. 🙂

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  27. Hi Karl, congratulations for the blog where we found very usefull information for ebike building and specially for this post about programming de Bafangs.

    I recently bought a BBSHD and I’m trying to follow some of your suggestions to make it better. I downloaded the Penoff SW but I can’t set the current limit to more than 25A because the field in the screen does not admit it.That is ok for a BBS02 but I look for the 30A of my BBSHD.

    ¿Have you detected this issue and do you know how to handle it?

    Note: I took a look at Penoff site but the coments explain he owns a BBS02 so he can not give support to BBSHD.

    Thanks again and kind regards from Spain.

    Alfonso

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  29. Hi Karl, I can’t seem to get the bike to connect to the software form Befang or to Penoff’s application I have found the com port and have the cable plugged into my luna dcp-14’s connection on the bbshd and have tried variations of battery on / off plug in to computer in order to get the software to load the controller info, but no luck when clicking connect, any suggestions? I’m probably missing something simple.

    thanks
    Kyle

    Liked by 1 person

    Reply

  30. Hi all, I’m new to Bafang stuff but i’ve read a tonne of your info in an attempt to educate myself.
    There is so much contradictory info here, many unsupported or unexplained assumptions and of course a lot of gold too. Thanks for that 80% gold and all the hard work.
    Here’s what I deduce from your own info that I think is not put across clearly.
    The ’02 can be cooked and heat comes from high applied current and voltage. The motor and moffset switching hate low cadence and for the same applied current run hotter.
    Therefore current limiting is your friend and speed limiting does next to nothing to help.
    If you speed limit at 50%, everything below say 40% will get the full current that you preset. So at low cadence you’ll still get full set current frying things up until you get up to higher motor speeds where it is more comfortable and efficient. Why bother limiting heat at speed. We need to set speed to “100” and limit current ‘particularly down low’.
    Eg if an ’02 with good moffsets “basic” page “current limit” is set to 16 amps, it just about does not matter when you hold it flat out on any hill in any gear (assuming you are slightly moving). But set the current limit to 25amps, and you are making a lot more heat, particularly at low speeds, regardless of PAS modes selection, throttle, hill grade or gearing. Regardless of speed, limit the current and you will limit the watts and limit the heat. 16amps x 36volts = 576watts / heat.
    25amps x 36volts = 900watts / heat.
    If current limit is we to 25amps and PAS 9 current is set to 100 but speed limited to 50%, a slower speeds, say 40% or less, you will be making 900watts of heat because the speed limit has no effect yet.
    At low speed you have limited nothing.

    Also the small chainring idea means nothing….
    Without knowing what sprocket is on the rear.
    You will never overheat a BBS02 with a 52 t chain ring… If you have a 48 t rear sprocket.
    However you can easily fry a BBS02 with a 34t chain ring if running an 11t rear cog.
    The final drive RATIO is what is important, and the lower the number the safer (closer to one to one).
    Eg 42 divide by 36 is very low, but 34 divide by 12 is comparitively quite high.

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  31. Hi, thanks so much for all your effort to post this great info, that last comment helped me get my head around much of the info. I am building a custom board track racer style bike, have a 8Fun 500w 25a/36v motor, donated by a friend, needs a new controller. I have a 36v 11.6ah battery pack. And would like to run throttle only. Pedal set will be locked in place to act as foot pegs, and unlocked when the battery runs low. I was planning on running a single rear gear, but seems like a bad idea, now i guess a nexus 3 speed internal, and a smaller front sprocket seem like a better plan. Can anyone help me with a suggested controller settings list to point me in the right direction, please.

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  35. Hi Karl, on my BBS02 the capacitor is down: after disconnecting the battery, the motor returns no voltage at all. Can I hope changing
    the capacitor only or is it necessary to change the controller ?

    Thanking you

    PS your blog is great, if provided me with fundamental help when I instlled this motor on my MTB in February of this year.

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  36. Work Mode (Angular Pedal Speed / Wheel * 10)

    My BBS02 Work Mode is is set to Undetermined. I see some set it to 10. Does anyone know what can I expect if I set mine to 10, or a higher value?

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  37. Is there any way to calibrate the fuel gauge on the C965 display so its more accurate? Mine runs at 4 bars most of the time, then once it drops to 3 bars it quickly (very quickly) drops to 2 bars then the motor starts cutting out. When this happened, I checked the voltage of the battery and it ready about 43v (on a 48V nominal battery), so I am assuming the battery is properly discharging but the gauge is registering it correctly. Any suggestions?
    Craig

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  41. I have a problem with my ebike (Intelligent 800s display, LSW784-45-3m controller and Bafang rear motor).
    The display shows the wrong km/h. The settings are correct, but I think the problem might be in the controller. Please help!

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  42. I just completed my first configuration by changing the Pedal Assist limit from “By Display Command” to 40km. After reconnecting bike display and battery I no longer get any power assistance even when set at level 9. I did not change any other variables. I made sure I Read the flash drive first before writing. I checked the connector, I even configured the speed limit back to “By Display Command” with no success. I have a Bafang M400 on a Lekker bike with a simple HMI like this one https://www.ternbicycles.com/fi/tech/471/bafang-maxdrive-display. Any advice would be appreciated. Thanks

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  43. Hi, I have recently converted an IHBC Maverick to bbshd 1000w, now getting into the programming side of things. my first attempt provided some interesting results. My aim was to limit all PAS settings to 250w 25klm limit 1 to 9 with the exception of number 7, the 7th was to be maxed out to 40kph with 100% power. The idea being that when you set the controller to either 3 or 5 PAS levels the highly tuned 7 setting remains hidden and not accessible. For the 250w setting i set the levels to 25% with No7 to 100% this resulted in about 10w in the PAS set for the 250w which is useless but the high power No7 did not have a speed limit, i was doing 60+ in no time even tho the limit was set to 40kph, this makes no sense to me as I just want 250w in all settings bar No7 so I dont know what went wrong but I’m sure this blog can be help full.
    Just one more thing i noticed, between 45 to 55kph there is a noticeable vibration from the motor is this a problem?

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    • maybe this helps you out:

      A quick note on power levels. If your display is set to only use 3 power levels then the controller uses settings for Asst1, Asst5 and Asst9 and ignores all the rest. If it is set to 5 levels than it ignores every other power level setting (but uses Asst1\3\5\7\9). On the C963 display I have still not figured out how to set the display to 9 power levels, so you may be stuck with only 5 PAS power levels with that unit.

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      • i have almost the same setup, 1000w 48v engine with 48v 31.5ah battery.
        with the DPC18 max speed 90 km/h
        current limit [A] 30 amp

        i think this might be the configuration you are looking for. (someone, please correct me if i’m wrong)

        levels 1 3 5 7 9 can be set up for max +- 25 km/h, so all speed limit set to 30%
        (100% = 90 km/h (based on dpc18), 30%= 27 km/h)

        1: 20% CL = 6A
        3: 40% CL = 12A
        5: 60% CL = 18A
        7: 80% CL= 24A
        9: 100% CL= 30A

        levels 2 4 6 and 8 can be set up for max km/h or in between
        so for levels 2 4 6 and 8
        all current limit set up to 100%
        2: 40% SL= +-35 km/h
        4: 50% SL = +-45 km/h
        6: 60% SL = +-55 km/h
        8: 100% = max speed

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  44. Karl for the wheel diameter what do i need to set it on i have a surly puglsey and the is a 26×3.8 do i set it at 26 or go up to 27?

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  46. Hi,

    First, thanks for this great work done on BBS02 programming ! I’ve installed a brand new BBS02 750W with a 48V 17,5A battery pack.

    All works but I quickly re-programmed the controller to have smooth ride.

    What I want to have : get assistance at low road speed and low pedal cadence.
    It’s when we ride with the childrens (avg speed is 15 km/h).

    The problem : at low speed (< 20 km/h) there is no assistance, except in a hill at low gear. And even when I get assistance, the motor never stop pushing so speed increases.

    How is it possible to set the controller to meet my needs please ?

    Many thanks (and sorry for my poor english !)

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  47. Hi, I have a problem with my mac 1000 hub motor and asi controller. When I slow down or stop on second, the motor turns off and I need to twist the throttle twice to turn it on or turn pedals backward…. Is it possible to fix this? What is the problem? Thank you!

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  48. Driver Windows 10 USB SERIAL CH340 de WCH.CN

    ¡Hola!. Dejo el video y el enlace de descarga del drivers para windows 10 chip CH340 de la empresa WCH.

    http://www.wch.cn/downloads/CH341SER_ZIP.html

    Con este driver, windows reconoce el cable y le genera un puerto serie 232 como COM2, COM3, COM4….etc.
    Acto seguido ya se puede leer la epprom del motor Bafang y escribir en ella.
    Aberiguar este dato me ha llevado una semana de duro trabajo e investigación en la red. Espero que a alguien le sirva dicho trabajo.
    Saludos desde España.

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  49. Hi, I have a 250 unit and just found out it has a 9 pin connector not 5, after a bit of research it seems i have an old system. Did i read right that you made a 9 pin to usb cable to reprogram these older units? can you give me some info on that, I cant find anything on it in this sea of info on new units

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