Because You Need To Start Exercising More Than Just Your Thumb : Bafang 1000W Max Ultra Torque Sensing Mid Drive

Although last time I was in LA I swore I was never ever going back, here I am again at the Lunacycle HQ spending several hours a day sitting in traffic. How do people live like this? No wonder ebikes are so popular here in Southern California. People can get an ebike and commute on the bike paths along the ocean and avoid the traffic completely. If I lived here I’m sure I would do the same.

I got my hands on one of the first prototype of Bafang’s 1000W Max Ultra Torque sensing mid drives and I was able to ride it around for a few days in the horrendous LA traffic and on some light trails and grass using my 52v GA Shark pack. This article is about my first impressions of this drive and why I think they still have a way to go to get to the level of refinement of the BBSxx series mid-drives.

The first thing you notice about the Max Ultra is that it is heavy, too heavy (11.7lbs). The 350W torque sensing Bosch and Yahama mid drives are built out of very thin aluminum and lots of plastic gears. The Max Ultra is a monster and it has a much too thick cast aluminum case. I’ve noticed that designing the mid drives with much too thick cases is a problem you see with the BBS02 and BBSHD as well. I’m not sure if Bafang just doesn’t care about the weight or is worried about people smashing open the drive unit by beating it on logs and rocks. I doubt you will be able to crack this case no matter how hard you smash it on a log pile.

The Bafang Max I tested was mounted on a craptastic low-end fatty with a steel spring fork suspension

The power delivery was smooth and stopped as soon as you stopped pedaling. The feeling of riding this drive unit was almost identical to what you feel when riding a BBS02 properly programmed with Karl’s Special Sauce. The only difference was that you didn’t have to push really hard to get the bike moving initially, when you press on the pedals, it just goes. This helps you feel more like a superman and that the bike is just an extension of your body rather than an electric motor helping you out. I preferred the ‘feel’ of the Max Ultra to the BBS02 but the unit’s benefits are outweighed by the massive weight of the drive unit. I have been told that the prototype is heavier than the production model is going to be. The unit I tested was programmed for 18 amps, although I have no idea what the production amp limit will be. If you can run a 60v pack on an 18 amp drive unit that levels out to about 1080 Watts so there is a good chance that the production unit will still only run at 18 Amps.

The chainring was narrow wide but I felt like it was mounted a little too far away from the bike

All the connectors for the Ultra Max seem to be compatible with the BBSxx series so you can swap around displays, throttles, and ebike cutoffs as much as you want. The thumb throttle is a nice addition that is missing from a lot of low power mid drives like the Bosch. I appreciated having the throttle although I have to admit I never used it. The Max Ultra prototype had a DPC-10 display with 5 power levels which is my least favorite of the BBSxx displays. I hope that you will be able to get the Max Ultra with the DPC-14 color display when it comes out.

The drive unit is not much more ‘stealth’ than a BBSxx, a little mud camouflage will help keep it hidden

At one point when testing the Ultra Max I had gotten off the bike and was pushing it along while walking alongside it and the bike just took off on its own. I was able to get the bike back under control again but every time I pushed it the bike would take off. The pedals were not turning when I pushed the bike so I don’t know how or why this was happening, but after cycling the power I could never get that behavior to repeat. To be fair I was riding an old prototype and I’m hopeful that the bugs will be worked out of the system before it hits the shelves.

Rendering shown with a chainguard which my prototype I tested did not have

Power of the Ultra Max vs the Bosch mid drive system

When it comes to the amount of power the Ultra Max delivers when compared to other torque sensing mid drives I have to say there is really no comparison. I would say that the Ultra Max felt about 2.5 times more powerful than the Bosch 350W drive unit and it should be available for a small fraction of the cost of a Bosch. Clearly, there is a market for the Bosch Mid-drive  (Europeans and Australia), I’m just not in the ultra low power lover market demographic. The Ultra Max felt like it had enough power to plow through more snow than most people would ever want to ride through, and it is a real demon when you take it off-road. It still ‘feels’ like you are riding an ebike and not some kind of ultralight motocross machine like the Tangent drive system.

Notice that this drive unit lists 3 different operating voltages of 43,48 & 60. This leads me to believe that you may be able to run this drive with a 60v nominal pack to really make it sing

Will I be able to program it?

This really is the million dollar question. Bafang is not particularly happy about people being able to program the BBSxx series drives which just about everyone seems to be doing nowadays. The reality is if people are willing to accept responsibility for their programming changes and eat the cost of a new controller or parts if they damage them, then what is the problem? The biggest difference between the Bafang Ultra Max and the Bosch mid drive is not the power or the price but rather the ability to custom program it, use it with a variety of batteries and the warranty repairs. With the Max Ultra you must rely on the company you bought the drive from for warranty repairs or fix it yourself. With a Bosch you’re absolutely locked out of the programming and don’t even think of opening up your drive unit. It will immediately void any warranty. I don’t own products that I’m not allowed to fix and can’t get parts for, so I’ll never own a Bosch or Yamaha mid drive unit. I can tell with some certainty there will be an Ultra Max in my future and whether Bafang wants me to or not, I will be finding some way to program it on my own.

If you’re hardcore you can try to get your hands on a mounting bracket and weld it to your own custom frame. Sounds like too much like work.

A need for custom frames

The Ultra Max will not fit on any bike, you will need a custom frame with a ‘bottom bracket’ that will accept the drive unit. Lunacycle is working on having custom full suspension and fatty frames built for the Ultra Max and there is a good chance that you will be able to buy a ‘kit package’ that comes with the frame and the motor and you can just load up bike components off another bike onto the Ultra Max frame. Although this will turn some people off, I really like that setup and I can easily move all my components from one bike to another in about 2-3 hours. I’m sure there will complete ebikes built with the Ultra Max drive system available for sale as well, but that is at least another 4-6 months away. There are some people like Roshan from Biktrix that are way out ahead of the curve and are already building frames for the 350W Max Bafang mid drive which will work with the Max Ultra as well.

The Bafang 350W Max drive works with a 36v battery and does not work with a 48v or higher pack, but the Max Ultra works fine with a 52v pack which is what I tested it with. I’m not sure I would want to use this drive unit with a 48v pack, as the power would almost certainly be noticeably less. Although I would very much like to be able to use 60 and 72v packs with the Max Ultra, it is unlikely that the HVC will allow people to do that.

The original Bafang 350W Max system (yawn) being sold on Alibaba. Note the crappy cable connectors, the new Ultra Max has the nice Higo style waterproof connectors. I wonder if the eraser comes with it.

No speed limits

The nicest thing about the Bafang Max drive is there are no speed limits. The bike easily gets over 30 mph with a 200lb rider on the level and over 35mph on slight downhills. It is no problem keeping up with LA traffic on the side streets as long as you stay on the shoulders on the main drags. The Bosch and Yamaha are both completely rigid with their speed limiting although there are defeat devices you can mount on your mid drives to make them think you’re going half as fast as you really are. Yay for defeat devices, stick it to the man. I wouldn’t worry about it too much though because a 350W drive unit is not going to be able to go much over 20mph anyway unless you’re going downhill or have a rocket strapped to your back.

I felt about 3 distinctly different power levels based on how hard I was pushing the pedals on the Ultra Max. The Bosch, by comparison, seemed to have a nearly infinite number of sensitivity levels for pressure. Honestly, I felt like 3 levels were enough. There was barely pushing the pedals at all (clown pedaling), normal pedaling, and I’m being chased by a bear pedalling which each gave different levels of assist. The setting of the power level on the display seemed to have much more to do with how much power you get to the wheel than how hard you press on the pedal.

I tested this unit with a cheap 32T 8-speed cassette which I would NOT recommend. A 42-11T 10 speed with a decent derailleur would be much more preferable

At one point the chain came off the front ring and it was a real pain to get it back on. I would say make sure to turn off the drive unit when replacing thrown chains, as you don’t know what the torque sensing mid drive is going to do when you’re yanking its chain. It would suck to get your fingers chewed off by the chainring because you were sloppy. The bike is also sensitive to pedal pressure. If you accidentally press on the pedal without meaning to, it will work like accidently tapping the throttle and the bike will just take off. I think that from a safety standpoint this is an issue that does cause me a little bit of concern.

Would I recommend the Ultra Max for public consumption? The prototype I rode had a lot going for it. The biggest problem I found was the weight and the need for a custom bike frame. I liked the torque sensing capability, but having to have a custom frame to mount the drive unit on is a huge drawback as most people who are really into bikes already have a pretty expensive frame that they probably don’t want to just strip off and throw away. I guess the big questions will be how much will it cost when it comes out, will I be able to program it myself, and will we be able to hook it up to 60 or 72v packs and have it work without blowing mosfets, or will the HVC prevent that from happening? Time will tell, but make no mistake, this will certainly be the first torque-sensing mid drive in my sizable ebike fleet. I’ll write more once I get my paws on a production unit. Stay tuned.

Ride On.

 

73 thoughts on “Because You Need To Start Exercising More Than Just Your Thumb : Bafang 1000W Max Ultra Torque Sensing Mid Drive

  1. Quote “Although I would very much like to be able to use 60 and 72v packs with the Max Ultra, it is unlikely that the HVC will allow people to do that.”.

    If someone could modify Bafang BBSxx and/or Bafang Max Ultra controllers (swapping electrolytic and ceramic caps, checking the Fets datasheets, swapping resistors etc.. all for higher volt rating.) to accept 72V or even 84V, that machine would just be a dream ! I’m pretty sure there’s more to it than just reprogramming / rewrtiting the BBSxx program to accept a Higher LVC (put in 100V !!!)…. There is physical components that must be changed in order to not blow up the original 60Vmax controller… If only I was an electronic engeneer, I’d study the circuit and make a 100V (max), 60 A max BBSHD controller to be bolted on the drive unit!
    Matador.

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  2. Karl do you know if the motors reduction is the same as the HD1000? It seems because the HD is not really geared down enough to be able to catch up to the pedals when the motor is in its happy zone that this gearing issue could be a problem for a sensored assist. How can you pedal hard for extra power when you can not catch up to the pedals if you are choosing the right gearing for the motor to be happy? Maybe I just dont get how the sensored assist works but I would think Bafang needs to reduce the gearing on this new drive much more than they did on the HD1000 for it to be effecient? ………..wayne

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    • This motor essentially feels identical to a BBS02 but with Torque sensing. The BBSHD is a 15:1 reduction and the Max Ultra is a 18:1. More reduction is probably better as I didn’t feel like the BBSxx had enough reduction.

      If you like the BBSxx you will probably like the Max Ultra.

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  3. Stupid, just plain stupid. I don’t have PAS, Speed sensor, torque sensor or Ebrakes on either of my 50A BBSHD’s. Wait, I do…. It’s called intelligence(and a twist throttle). I control what I, and my bike do.

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      • You can peg the throttle on the BBSHD in 90+degree weather on steep hills with impunity. If you’re running a Ludicrous 60 amp controller in hot weather…not so much.

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      • Mike, So what you’re saying is you don’t like advanced technology.
        What’s “stupid” about making an ebike user-friendly and easy to operate?
        I like the idea that I can have my GF hop on my FS mtn bike and select a PAS level that she is good with and I get my sweat on trying to keep up on my gravel bike.
        Torque sensing would be even better in that situation!
        Maybe they can have a Defeat-the-Tech switch for the Luddites.

        Liked by 1 person

  4. Thanks Karl,for the informative article. Especially good to know that the 350w bb “cradle” is the same as 1000w. Could you turn off pas for throttle only?

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  5. Agree with Mike, torque sensors simply introduce a whole new world of things that can go wrong. A simple quality Magura twist throttle reliably delivers the goods when combined with intelligent rider input and finesse. As Bill Clinton used to say, KISS–keep it simple, stupid. Period.

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    • The torque sensor is a pretty simple mechanism with literally no moving parts (a bonded strain-gauge on the pedal crank and a pickup – although the pickup is in a stationary sleeve within which the pedal crank rotates. After 900 miles the pedal-crank-clutch on my Ultra disintegrated. I’ve seen these clutches available for the BBSxx motors but they are hard to find for the Ultra. And those clutches are somewhat delicate mechanisms so I am not surprised they fail. About the same time I noticed the drive-side bearing on the pedal crank was becoming hard to turn and developing drag spots from the first stages of corrosion. There is no real seal on the bearing, just a thin metal shield. So at least empirically based on one year of use, it looks like those are the weak spots in the motor that I may be replacing possibly every 1k miles. I hope those parts become more readily available and reasonable. FWIW – I disconnected the shift sensor on the rear brake and disconnected (removed) the shift sensor. I did not like the abrupt cutoff of power with either and found I can time my shift with the power ramp-down of the motor (as I reduce the pedaling force) and use the last remnants of the motor’s ramp down to smoothly execute the shift, same as for traditional derailleur shifting technique. I also reprogrammed the controller to more quickly ramp down the power, but its a ramp rather than a square wave cutoff.

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  6. “Yay for defeat devices, stick it to the man. I wouldn’t worry about it too much though because a 350W drive unit is not going to be able to go much over 20mph anyway unless you’re going downhill or have a rocket strapped to your back.”
    I have the Bosch Performance Line CX with the Bikespeed dongle and can pedal it up to 60 km/h on the flat where I run out of gears. I tried a 20T chainring and I could get it to at least 70 km/h but decided it was a bit too fast and I would likely kill myself so I went to the 16T.

    No Rocket BTW

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    • I stand corrected, the only Bosch I have ever ridden was the 1st generation torque sensing units.

      They sucked.

      Glad your defeat device is working out for you. Any ebike company that tries to limit the top speed of their products must be stopped.

      Liked by 1 person

      • For real,
        The thing we worry about here in Australia is that some goon will kill themselves or worse still someone else on an illegally spec’d e-bike and the whole industry will suffer. Sydney is one of the worst places in the world in terms of driver attitudes and oppressive laws aimed towards cyclists.

        The Bosch 2nd gen motors are pretty impressive you should give one a go. 75 Nm of torque!

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  7. Hi Karl

    What’s the point of having to have a custom frame to fit this motor?

    Won’t this simply limit its sales potential?

    Or are there advantages I just don’t understand?

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    • Nearly all torque sensors are placed around the axle to which you mount your crank shafts(i don’t know the name of this part. sorry, english is not my native language, but I think you will understand what part I mean).
      With a special frame that works really well because you have a lot of space.
      This is not the case if you want a middrive that can be installed to all normal bike frames.
      There is simply no space for a torque sensor because the middrive must be installed like a bottom bracket.

      That is the reason why we don’t have as BBSxx with torque sensor.

      All bikes with torque sensor need a special frame. … there are different torque sensors. Bosch is using one of them. But they need an extra gear stage. this also needs a lot of space and without assistance if feels like riding uphill. this gear has a 2.5:1 ratio, so that Bosch can use the small chainrings

      BTW my Bosch runs 50kmh on the flat road, it is not even a CX…with 20t chainring and 11x SRAM I go 55-60kmh and have one gear left^^

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  8. Fast ebikes are fun. Not all can afford or justify them. A lot of people just are mechanically inept without throwing electricity into the mix. Mid drives will not gain market dominance until prices improve and reliabilty as well. Rinning all the power through the drivetrain has its own disadvantages such as breakdowns and faster drivetrain wear. Used ebikes can be a bargain if you know what you are looking at as well as discounted. demos and end of year carry overs if you want a turn key bike.

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    • High power hub motors deserve just as much criticism for being rough on spokes as mid drives for being rough on drive train components IMO.

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      • Have to disagree with Stephen’s comment as this has absolutely NOT been my experience. The fact is I had well over 15,000 miles and about 10 years on my Tidalforce rear hub before I had to rebuild the wheel (or even replace any spokes!) last season. And this is with a 240 lb rider plus another 15 pounds of battery on the rear rack right over the same wheel. I think I had my local bike shop true the wheel maybe 3-4x’s total over that ten-year span. My hunch is that the very short length of the spokes (the TF hub motor is very large diameter-wise compared to most others) helps tremendously in keeping spoke stress to a minimum. I can’t speak to any other brand of hub motor, though it seems simple enough to step up to 12 or even 10-gauge spokes and bombproof downhill-type rims if necessary.

        The Tidalforce I ride is also the 1000W+ version of the motor, so LOTS of torque. In the end I have to conclude that these wheels are essentially military-grade; I have had zero issues with it other than very occasional automatic power output reduction on hot summer days while climbing steep grades. Apparently there is a built-in temperature sensor in the hub that steps the output down about 40% or more to protect the motor until it cools. Justin up in Vancouver at Grin Tech has been successfully playing with a cooling fluid that you can inject in your hub to help reduce this seasonal overheating. I may try it this summer. He and I remain on the same page as far as preferring the simplicity and silence of a quality hub motor for blacktop riding–with a simple twist throttle to boot. I believe he rode across Canada with one years ago.

        Liked by 1 person

  9. I HAVE THE JETSON ELECTRIC MOUNTAIN BIKE IT IS VERY NICE PUT 3 thousand miles on it last year I am very happy with it still looking for something faster and lighter but I am hook

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  10. I’m currently running an older BionX hub motor, acquired secondhand — my gateway drug into e-bikes. Looking for something with more power, and not limited to 20mph. Should I get a BBSHD, or wait for this?

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  11. Why does Bafang not add a torque sensor to BBSxx models. This will keep to current concept up to date and allow for maximum flexibility.

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    • German bike manufacturer FISCHER builds value bikes and relies on Bafang to power their Ebikes. Their 2017 Proline-EVO series seems to building upon Bafang mid drive. Although they supply the street legal 250W model, I do note that they are supplying a 48v battery pack (normal is 36V). Torque is also pretty high at 80 nm when comparing to Bosch with 75 nm.

      Their mountain bike “FISCHER Proline-EVO MTB E-Bike 27,5″ EM 1762” seems to be a good foundation for a stealth upgrade.

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      • Sounds nice, but the bikes are a little bit heavy, and parts need to be upgraded(like fox Suspension, 11x SRAM shifting, XT Brakes…) I love my Stereo 120 SL, but I wish I would have a CX and 500Wh(my bike is 2015 with just performance line)

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    • Because normally the torque sensor is located around the pedal axle(I hope this is the right word. I mean the axle where you mount the crank arms. Use a special frame and you can build the mid drive this way.

      But the Bafang BBSXX must fit through the bottom bracket. There is no extra space for a torque sensor.
      This is the reason why it takes so long and there is still no solution…

      When Bosch was designing their actual drive(which was sold 2014) they wanted no longer to buy the torque sensor (from FSA, as it was expensive). But this leads to other problems because the new mid drive has an additional gear stage. It is mounted in an oscillating manner and moves with the action of the force and push on the torque sensor.
      Without assistance it feel like riding uphill.

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  12. There is no difference between a 250W and 350W Bosch when it comes to power.. Both accelerate exactly the same way. The 250W stops assisting(EU) at 25kmh, the 350W runs 45kmh.
    “…350W drive unit is not going to be able to go much over 20mph anyway unless you’re going downhill or have a rocket strapped to your back.”
    Strange, I have the 250W Version(not the CX, but a 2015 Performance Line) and I can go 45-50kmh(30miles/g) on a flat road as long as I want. I do this every day to work.
    Yes, I have a tuning chip which removes the 25lmh limit but the power is still the same.
    The Bosch Unit uses 750- 800W, when you push it hard(uphill, full speed…)
    This was tested in a German Forum. 250W is just on the paper. because of the German Law.
    There is no way that Bosch only uses 250W,

    You can easily check this yourself..
    If you ride only uphill or fullspeed(45-55kmh) yoúI can use a full 400Wh battery Pack in 30-40min(0,5 -0,66h). This means 400Wh were used in 30min/40min-

    400Wh / 0,5(0,66)h = 800w(606W)

    Liked by 1 person

  13. The newer Bosch system parameters can be programmed using the “BlackPed” module and their tuning speed chip for the Performance and CX Line. Micro USB port to configure it via your PC. Set maximum motor support to an individual level ranging from 15 km/h up to 75 km/h (about 46 mph). Another advantage of this device is that your Bosch display will still show the correct speed and kilometres (no halved values). You can activate / deactivate the tool conveniently by a short click on the WALK button. The Tuning Speedchip does not have to be uninstalled if you want to carry out Bosch updates. According to the manufacturer, the Tuning Speedchip (configurable) is compatible with all the latest Bosch software versions and even with the new Intuvia displays.

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    • Cool, good to hear the speed limit an be removed. Will it ever be possible to program the controller to add more power?

      Good luck to manufacturers of anything with wheels and power that expect it not to be hot-rodded. That is what enthusiasts do! If the Bafang stuff was stuck at 250W with no programming they would be gathering dust on shelves. The reason they are selling in spite of less refinement than Bosch, Yamaha etc is because crazies like Luna can get them to 2500W and the rest of us laggards can reap the fruits of that labor.

      If it was me I would embrace that crowd. Put on the obligatory “Do not modify” stickers (wink, wink) and then build the units to handle mondo power and take over the e-bike world.

      A Haibike with 3k potential is a lot more pallatable at $5k then at 250W.

      Liked by 1 person

  14. Karl, I love reading your blog and all your great information on ebikes.. the new Ultra max 1000w and 750w are super awesome machines. I spent some time in the bafang factory a few weeks ago. We are a new company manufacturing fat tire ebikes and have designed 3 brand new models (should be available for pre-order on our website soon) using the new ultra max 1000w & 750w mid drive with throttle. Full suspension with 27.5×3″ and a hardtail with 26×4.5″. We would love to send one to you to kick the tires and give to your review . Delivery late August.

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  15. By all means put the average folks on low powered flat land ebikes. Let them believe that this is all that there is. That way some newbie doesn’t get hurt on a 45 mph hot rod and thus get all of us regulated.

    I’m not going for speed on my BBSHD as much as I want alot of power so I can get up the hills around here at a pace that won’t get me killed (like a 2 mph bike vs 40 mph traffic, no shoulder). I’m wearing in a path along the road through the front yards on the biggest hill along my route to work. Granny gear all the way up, throttle only b/c the motor is rolling along too fast to pedal.

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  16. The market rollout of the Bafang ULTRA drive system is starting. German distributor S-TECH Racing GmbH currently has stock and can supply kits.

    The kit includes the Bafang aluminium motor mount bracket, this will enable brave e-bike builders to cut up existing frames and complete a modification by welding the bracket into place. Semi complete bikes or frame purchase options are currently unavailable for the DIY market, I sure hope this will change in the near future.

    Retails kit prices for the Bafang ULTRA kits start at around + US$ / € 100,- above the price of a Bafang BBHD kit.

    Have fun:-)

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  17. I cannot wait to try a Bafang drive with torque-sensing. If there was a new BBSHD with a torque sensor, I would buy it in a heartbeat! I have tried a bike with a torque-sensing Yamaha mid drive, and I absolutely loved the experience!

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  18. I’ve got my G510.1000 ordered, along with the bracket so it’ll be here in 2 weeks. I’m resigned to slicing open my current frame and welding the bracket in, but not 100% happy. I just cannot find any frames, especially FS ones available yet, either here in NZ or from China etc.

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  19. Have you found out if the general public can program the Ultra? I’ve been told that the throttle doesn’t work in assist level 0 and that the throttle varies with assist level. I want the throttle to work in 0 and not vary. I want to be able to use max throttle in any assist level. I’d like to know if I can program that in any Bafang Ultra that I come across.

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  20. Here in Switzerland i ordered that motor in a fat bike variation because i need to go uphill on snow, at least 3-4 months per year and the frame can handle 5″ tires in the rear (dunno about the chain line, well, exactly, it`s a belt drive….). They say it will arrive still this year. Well, i hope the best and expect the worst. Since i am interested in DIY battery building and overvolting, i am very interested how much volts the controller can handel. I don`t want to change the controller because of that pedal torque sensor thing which, i assume, needs the original controller. Or not? Any informations about the controller/voltage?

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  22. Hello, I just bought and installed a BBSHD 1000W 48V 17Amp motor on my bike. I have been reading extensively about the modifications that are listed on your website (which is very informative) in regards to reprogramming and replacing the plastic gear. My questions are 1) do you recommend replacing and gear before it goes bad, 2) should I add in the heat sensor prior to anything going wrong, 3) If I use my bike for normal commuting and and satisfied with the average top speed (20-25 MPH) are there any benefits to reprogramming the unit? I will add that I am unhappy with the amount of battery drain I am experiencing when commuting to work and back which is a total of 10 miles. I look forward to any input. Many Thanks

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    • No, I would not replace the Nylon gear unless it fails, with the stock controller it probably won’t fail. With the BBSHD you also don’t need a heat sensor, it barely will get warm no matter what you do. Only change the programming if you want to tweak the drive behavior, your best bet is to get a bigger battery so you can go faster.

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